COSCIENS Biopharma Inc T.CSCI

NSAIDs, osteoarthritis, and avenanthramide

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Non-steroidal Anti-inflammatory Drugs (NSAIDs) Market Size

The global NSAIDs market is substantial and growing:

• Valued at USD 20.70 billion in 2022
• Projected to reach USD 32.64 billion by 2030, growing at a CAGR of 5.86%
• Another estimate suggests it could reach USD 33.55 billion by 2032, with a 5% CAGR from 2024-2032

Osteoarthritis Patients in the US

Approximately 32.5 million adults in the United States have osteoarthritis:

• The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) reports that osteoarthritis affects more than 32.5 million adults in the United States
• From 2008 to 2014, an estimated 32.5 million US adults, or one in seven persons (14%), reported having osteoarthritis and allied disorders annually

Avenanthramide as a Potential Superior Anti-inflammatory for Osteoarthritis

Avenanthramide C (Avn-C) shows promising potential for osteoarthritis treatment:

1. Cartilage protection: Avn-C prevented pathological changes in the whole joint and cartilage degeneration in an experimental osteoarthritis mouse model.
2. MMP inhibition: It restrained the expression and activity of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) such as MMP-3, MMP-12, and MMP-13 in mouse articular chondrocytes, which are responsible for breaking down cartilage.
3. Alleviation of cartilage destruction: Avn-C alleviated cartilage destruction in an experimental osteoarthritis mouse model induced by destabilization of the medial meniscus (DMM) surgery.
4. Mechanism of action: The inhibition of MMP expression by Avn-C in articular chondrocytes was mediated through p38 kinase and c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) signaling pathways.

Competitive Advantages of Avenanthramide

1. Natural origin: Avenanthramides are compounds found in oats, making them a natural alternative to synthetic drugs.
2. Dual action: Avn-C not only shows anti-inflammatory properties but also demonstrates a protective effect on cartilage, potentially offering a two-pronged approach to osteoarthritis treatment.
3. Potential for fewer side effects: As a natural compound, avenanthramides might have a more favorable side effect profile compared to traditional NSAIDs, though more research is needed to confirm this.
4. Unique mechanism: Avn-C's inhibition of MMP expression through p38 kinase and JNK signaling pathways offers a novel approach to osteoarthritis treatment.
5. Synergistic potential: Avn-C added with specific inhibitors of p38 kinase and JNK enhanced its inhibitory effect on the expression of MMPs in IL-1β treated chondrocytes, suggesting potential for combination therapies.

In conclusion, avenanthramide C shows significant potential as a superior anti-inflammatory for osteoarthritis with the added benefit of potentially halting damage to bone cartilage. Its natural origin, unique mechanism of action, and potential for fewer side effects give it several competitive advantages in the NSAIDs market. However, further clinical research is needed to fully establish its efficacy and safety in humans, especially given the large market size and number of patients affected by osteoarthritis.