VANCOUVER, BC / ACCESSWIRE / February 10, 2021 / Northern Dynasty Minerals Ltd. (TSX:NDM)(NYSE:NAK) ("Northern Dynasty" or the "Company") reports that its recently submitted Request for Appeal ("RFA") of a federal permitting decision concerning Alaska's Pebble Project challenges a key finding of ‘significant degradation'.
Prepared and submitted by the Company's 100%-owned US-based subsidiary Pebble Limited Partnership (the "Pebble Partnership"), the RFA argues the US Army Corps of Engineers' ("USACE") finding that the proposed copper-gold-molybdenum-silver-rhenium mine would cause ‘significant degradation' to a local watershed is:
- inconsistent with the law and Clean Water Act (CWA) regulations;
- arbitrary and unsupported by the administrative record, including the Final Environmental Impact Statement ("FEIS") for the Pebble Project; and,
- unprecedented in Alaska and detrimental to the future of resource development in the state.
In response to shareholder enquiries, Northern Dynasty intends to highlight many of the compelling arguments within the Pebble Partnership's 56-page (plus appendices) RFA in the coming weeks. A complete version of the document can be viewed at: https://northerndynastyminerals.com/site/assets/files/4888/plp-request-for-appeal-poa-2017-00271-jan-19-2021.pdf.
Following receipt of the Pebble Partnership's ‘request for appeal' on January 19, 2021, the USACE has 30 days to notify the appellant as to whether its RFA is complete. USACE guidelines indicate the administrative appeal process should conclude within 90 days, although it may be extended under certain circumstances.
Inconsistent with law and CWA regulations
In June 2020, the USACE informed the Pebble Partnership of its ‘significant degradation' finding, based on its view the proposed mine would have a ‘more than trivial' impact on a ‘preponderance' of factors cited in CWA regulations for measuring effects on aquatic resources. The determination at Pebble relates to direct and indirect project effects within the Koktuli watershed.
In its RFA, the Pebble Partnership argues the ‘more than trivial' standard employed by the USACE is not the correct test for assessing a project's impact on aquatic resources or making a ‘significant degradation' finding.
"USACE guidance instead provides that ‘significant' means ‘major': the Guidelines on Analysis of 404 Permit Applications provide that each 404(b)(1) factor should be evaluated on a continuum that includes no effect, negligible, minor, and ‘major (significant)' effect. ‘More than trivial' is not one of the choices, but most closely equates to negligible or minor, while significant effects are ‘major' effects at the other end of the spectrum. Defining ‘significant' as major, rather than more than trivial, also fits with common usage: dictionaries define ‘significant' as ‘having or likely to have a major effect.'
"USACE/EPA guidance on 404(b)(1) Alternatives Requirements provides ‘small discharges to construct individual driveways' an example of an activity that would constitute ‘trivial impacts.' This underscores that ‘trivial impacts' are extremely minor or negligible impacts. Thus, the phrase ‘more than trivial impacts' covers the entire continuum between trivial impacts like discharges from individual driveways and major adverse impacts that could constitute significant degradation. Put simply, the fact that a project's impacts are more than trivial does not mean they are significant.
"Indeed, if ‘more than trivial' were the standard, almost every project that required an individual 404 permit would trigger a finding of significant degradation." (RFA pp. 13 - 14)
Arbitrary and unsupported by the administrative record
In the Record of Decision ("ROD") issued for the Pebble Project in November 2020, the USACE provides a Factual Determination Matrix to explain how it assessed the CWA 404 (b)(1) factors in making the ‘significant degradation' finding.
The Pebble Partnership argues in its RFA that the USACE's Factual Determination Matrix provides little analysis, and is largely a recitation of speculative impacts that may occur without substantiation. The Company believes the justification for the agency's ‘significant degradation' finding falls well short of the regulatory requirement that such determinations be "based upon appropriate factual determinations, evaluations and tests."
The Pebble RFA also provides multiple examples of instances in which the USACE's justification for a ‘significant degradation' finding is contradicted by the Pebble FEIS - including on such topics as fish and fisheries, water quality and recreation.
"In sum, the record does not support a finding of significant degradation in the Koktuli, or any other watershed. The Factual Determination Matrix shows that the District's approach was to find that if any impacts are theoretically possible and cannot be completely mitigated, they are significant, even if the FEIS found otherwise. The District seeks to ignore the findings of its own FEIS - a document that it developed with input from dozens of scientific experts. This approach fails to meet the regulatory requirement that findings of significant degradation must be ‘based upon appropriate factual determinations, evaluations, and tests.'" (RFA p. 20)
Unprecedented in Alaska
In communicating its ‘significant degradation' finding to the Pebble Partnership in June 2020, the USACE acknowledged it was not aware of any similar determination for large development projects in Alaska. The singular nature of the USACE's finding provided the impetus for the agency to demand ‘in kind' and ‘in watershed' compensatory mitigation at Pebble at ‘a large ratio' - an unprecedented requirement that is contrary to CWA regulations, USACE guidance and past practice in Alaska.
In its RFA, the Pebble Partnership contrasts the USACE's approach to ‘significant degradation' and ‘compensatory mitigation' at Pebble to multiple, recent large-scale development projects in the state:
"The above examples demonstrate that the District's consistent approach is to evaluate the 404(b)(1) factors on a continuum from negligible to significant impacts, and that ‘more than trivial' impacts is not the standard used to determine whether ‘significant degradation' will occur. In addition, the District consistently allows out-of-watershed, out-of-kind mitigation where in-kind or in-watershed mitigation is not practicable. In fact, PLP could identify no examples where the applicant was limited to in-kind mitigation in a very narrowly defined watershed, or was required to use ratios as high as 6.5-10:1, as the District suggested would be necessary for Pebble. The USACE's consistent approach is also to consider all mitigation, including compensatory mitigation and state-imposed conditions under 401, before concluding whether ‘significant degradation' will occur." (RFA p. 26)
Finally, the Pebble Partnership argues the precedent established by the USACE's ‘significant degradation' finding could have long-term negative consequences for resource development in Alaska.
"A finding of significant degradation for Pebble is unprecedented and indefensible. The District's ‘more than trivial' test has no basis in the regulations or USACE precedent. In addition, a finding of significant degradation in the Koktuli watershed is not supported by the record. Using a finding of significant degradation based on speculative impacts to impose burdensome compensatory mitigation sets a dangerous new precedent that could be used against future development throughout Alaska." (RFA p. 27).
About Northern Dynasty Minerals Ltd.
Northern Dynasty is a mineral exploration and development company based in Vancouver, Canada. Northern Dynasty's principal asset, owned through its wholly owned Alaska-based U.S. subsidiary, Pebble Limited Partnership, is a 100% interest in a contiguous block of 2,402 mineral claims in southwest Alaska, including the Pebble deposit, located 200 miles from Anchorage and 125 miles from Bristol Bay. The Pebble Partnership is the proponent of the Pebble Project, an initiative to develop one of the world's most important mineral resources.
For further details on Northern Dynasty and the Pebble Project, please visit the Company's website at www.northerndynastyminerals.com or contact Investor services at (604) 684-6365 or within North America at 1-800-667-2114. Review Canadian public filings at www.sedar.com and US public filings at www.sec.gov.
Ronald W. Thiessen
President & CEO
US Media Contact:
Dan Gagnier
Gagnier Communications
(646) 569-5897