Formulation I wonder how they prepared the current trial formulation. It seems parameters really effects the skin permeation (see below). Was it really optimized for the current trial or they just realized now it is needed to be optimized? To be honest I would not take today's NR too positive.
https://sci-hub.tw/https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1111/j.1473-2165.2012.00610.x