Recycling CO2 Into Liquid Fuels -Replacing Petroleum
https://www.technologyreview.com/Energy/19909/
Turning Carbon Dioxide into Fuel With Sun Power & Reactor - MIT Technology Review
Sun power: Putting the finishing touches on a giant solar collector, which researchers at Sandia National Laboratories will use to power a novel reactor capable of producing carbon monoxide from carbon dioxide. The carbon monoxide can then be used in the manufacture liquid fuels.
the ceramic reacts with the carbon dioxide, stealing oxygen atoms off it. The result is the production of carbon monoxide. The process is continuous, so that the oxidized ceramic once again passes back into the solar chamber where it is again reduced. "It will work with either carbon dioxide to make carbon monoxide or with water to make hydrogen
At the moment, we are looking at getting carbon dioxide from industrial sources," says Siegel. The real potential, however, is to capture carbon-dioxide emissions and reuse them as fuel
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https://www.greencarcongress.com/2008/09/carbon-sciences.html
Carbon Sciences Developing Technology to Convert CO2 to Fuel - Green Car Congress
Carbon Sciences says that it has developed a multi-step biocatalytic process that occurs at low temperature and low pressure, thereby requiring less energy than other approaches. The biocatalyst employed in each step of the process serves to create an intermediate carbon-infused compound that can be acted on by the next step with less energy. At the end of the process, the various carbon-infused compounds are assembled into basic hydrocarbons such as C1 (e.g. methane), C2 (e.g. ethane) and C3
A complete CO2-to-Fuels plant would include the following components:
CO2 Flue Gas Processor: Crude purification of CO2 stream to remove heavy particulates. The Carbon Science process does not require high purity CO2, and so can use lower cost CO2 capture and processing.
Biocatalyst Unit: Regeneration of biocatalysts for the CO2 conversion process.
Biocatalytic Reactor Matrix: The primary and largest part of the plant where mass quantities of biocatalysts work in a matrix of liquid reaction chambers, performing the multi-stage breakdown of CO2 and its transformation to basic gas and liquid hydrocarbons. These reactors are inexpensive low temperature and low pressure vessels. The number of reactors determines the size and output capacity of the plant.
Filtration: The liquid solutions are filtered through membrane units to extract liquid fuels. Gaseous fuels are extracted through condensers.
Conversion and Polishing: The output of the Filtration stage contains low hydrocarbon fuels. These hydrocarbons can be processed into higher fuels, such as gasoline and jet fuel, through commercially available catalytic converters.
Carbon Sciences says that it will be able to configure the CO2-to-Fuel process to produce a variety of hydrocarbon fuels by customizing the conversion and polishing stage and biocatalytic formulation.