current standard treatment of NMIBC ( my simple notes) Often if surgery is preformed some small tumors are missed for various reasons. The latest diagnostic tools enables Surgeons using flourescence to find smaller tumors but they still miss some. Then the bladder is rinsed with BCG (bacille Calmette Guerin) to stimulate the immune system to destroy the remaining cancer cells.This works pretty good with a 40% reduction in reocurrance. The patients get rinsed weekly if there is a positive autoimmune response.
Therase will enroll select patients for phase 1 who had no response (aprox. 25%.of those treated.) from the bacilli rinse BCG,
Here is an article with more detail on BCG.. .https://cid.oxfordjournals.org/content/31/Supplement_3/S86.full
MD Andersons current aproach https://www.mdanderson.org/patient-and-cancer-information/cancer-information/cancer-types/bladder-cancer/index.html
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