Don't you have to step on toes to progress. If a world gov'tand constitutionally based, is progress, it has to step on toes like religions
and nationalism to get there.
Then religions are benefited by gov’t accepting all of them, and not saying any
one of the religions can create a religious imperialism over the planet.
Benefit nations by their participation in elections, voting, and legislation of the
laws of the land, in this case the whole world.
And benefit indigenous people by maintaining the environment as best as can,
providing jobs and paying for societal improvements to them. Not stopping
‘stepping on toes’ so improvements and progress of nations and the world can’t
take place or ever taking place.
But that is what UN’s indigenous law, Convention 169, of 1989 resolutions and
hearkening back to 1957’s early rumblings of it, does - stop national and world
improvements, aka progress. Or easily can, if one interpretion of the articles in
UN's C169 resolution, s promoted over all other articles.
From
‘C169 - Indigenous and Tribal Peoples Convention, 1989’
https://www.ilo.org/dyn/normlex/en/f?p=NORMLEXPUB:12100:0::NO::P12100_ILO_CODE:C169 These 2 articles from it seem to be at odds. Article 14 where indigenous people
can stop progress and improvements. And article 15 where they can’t but have
to be compensated if the lands and resources are regarded as necessities for
the state to develop. The confusion seems to be that both articles are trying to
be satisfied at the same time but they can’t. Either article 14 is only applicable
or article 15 is only applicable.
“Article 14
1. The rights of ownership and possession of the peoples concerned over
the lands which they traditionally occupy shall be recognised. In addition,
measures shall be taken in appropriate cases to safeguard the right of the
peoples concerned to use lands not exclusively occupied by them, but to
which they have traditionally had access for their subsistence and traditional
activities. Particular attention shall be paid to the situation of nomadic
peoples and shifting cultivators in this respect.
2. Governments shall take steps as necessary to identify the lands which
the peoples concerned traditionally occupy, and
to guarantee effective
protection of their rights of ownership and possession.
3. Adequate procedures shall be established within the national legal system
to resolve land claims by the peoples concerned."
"Article 15
1. The rights of the peoples concerned to the natural resources pertaining to
their lands shall be specially safeguarded. These rights include the right of
these peoples to participate in the use, management and conservation of
these resources.
2.
In cases in which the State retains the ownership of mineral or sub-surface
resources or rights to other resources pertaining to lands, governments shall
establish or maintain procedures through which they shall consult these
peoples, with a view to ascertaining whether and to what degree their interests
would be prejudiced, before undertaking or permitting any programmes for
the exploration or exploitation of such resources pertaining to their lands.
The peoples concerned shall wherever possible
participate in the benefits
of such activities, and shall receive fair compensation for any damages which
they may sustain as a result of such activities."