The futureWhat is the future of energy? The world does need energy and depending on a depleting resource has no future. There is also the massive amounts of green house gasses that are destroying the planet.
The sun and the stars produce energy by fusion. At the heart of the sun temperatures of 15 million degrees and pressure of 100,000 atmospheres cause hydrogen atoms to fuse producing helium. Eventually the sun will run out of hydrogen and will grow cold and die.
Here on earth scientists have dreamt of reproducing energy in the same way. The problems of doing that are huge but not insurmountable. Here is how I understand it.
Matter assumes four states solid, liquid, gaseous and plazma. The first three most people are familiar with, the fourth is when the electrons are separated from the rest of the atom and you get a soup of charged particles, called plazma.
The pressure at the center of the sun cannot be duplicated down here on earth. So scientists compensate by using higher temperatures, 100 million degrees. Any vessel exposed to these temperatures would vapourize on contact, so they use powerful magnets to contain the nuclii. These are particles that have the same charge and therefore want to repel. if you use a powerful enough magnet and high enough temeratures the nuclii fuse releasing enormous amounts of energy.
The advantages of fusion are obvious, plenty of hydrogen, no harmful green house gasses and an unlimited supply of energy.
https://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/science/nature/1573450.stm