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Challenges and solutions faced by heterojunction module technology in the age of 24.5%+ mass production efficiency heterojunction cells
(PV-Tech News) PERC+, TOPCon, heterojunction, perovskite, laminated, solar cell technology is developing rapidly, and efficiency continues to increase. At the same time, photovoltaic module packaging technology and packaging materials also need continuous improvement to match the technical requirements of different cells. Heterojunction cells have a series of advantages such as high conversion efficiency, simple manufacturing process, thin silicon wafer application, low temperature coefficient, no light-induced attenuation and potential attenuation, and double-sided power generation. However, the manufacture of components for heterojunction cells also faces a series of technical challenges:
1. Heterojunction requires a low temperature process of no more than 200 degrees. Therefore, the series welding and lamination of heterojunction batteries have poor heat resistance. It is necessary to develop targeted interconnection and lamination processes suitable for heterojunction batteries and components.
2. The low-temperature silver paste and amorphous silicon layer for heterojunction batteries have poor moisture resistance and sodium resistance; and unlike PERC batteries, the main contact packaging film for heterojunction batteries is TCO film. Therefore, it is necessary to develop an encapsulation film that is suitable for TCO film and has better protection for gate lines made of heterojunction amorphous silicon layer and low-temperature silver paste.
3. Half-cell battery has become the standard configuration of module technology. The laser cutting loss of heterojunction cells in half is as high as 0.3%-0.5%. Therefore, the component industry urgently needs non-destructive slicing technology and equipment suitable for heterojunction cells.
In 2021, heterojunction cells are making great progress in mass production efficiency and capacity construction.
Heterojunction cells are entering the era of mass production efficiency of 24.5%+. In January 2021, the conversion efficiency of 166 large-size heterojunction solar cells on the mass production line developed by the Jinneng Technology R&D team reached 24.7%. In February 2021, Risen Energy announced that the mass production efficiency of heterojunction cells has reached 24.55%. In June 2021, the average batch efficiency of Huasheng New Energy's 166 large-size heterojunction battery mass production line reached 24.71%, and the highest single-chip efficiency reached 25.06%. In July 2021, Anhui Huasheng teamed up with Maiwei, and the conversion efficiency of the M6 HJT battery in their heterojunction R&D project reached a record 25.26%.
In 2021, the construction of China's heterojunction solar cell production capacity is rapidly advancing, Jinneng, Tongwei, Dongfang Risheng, Akcome, Junshi, Huasheng, etc. have begun mass production or will soon mass production. In addition, SPIC, Yingfa, Canadian Solar, Sumin, Zhongli, Shanxi Coal, Bitai, Jinshi, Baofeng, China National Building Materials, etc. also have heterojunction capacity plans.
In June 2021, CNBM signed a contract to plan a total investment of 3 billion yuan in Jiangyin, Jiangsu, to plan and build a 5GW heterojunction battery production capacity. In May 2021, Tongwei Solar Jintang Base 1GW high-efficiency heterojunction battery project equipment will enter the site as scheduled, and it is planned to be put into production at the end of July. In May 2021, the iKang Taixing base officially started construction and released iPower 6.0 high-efficiency heterojunction components. Aikang Optoelectronics Taixing base plans to build a 6GW high-efficiency heterojunction solar cell project. In April 2021, Anhui Huasheng announced that it will start the construction of the second phase of the 2GW heterojunction cell and module project within the year. During the "14th Five-Year Plan" period, it will complete at least 10GW of production capacity in Xuancheng.
ASIACHEM believes that with the explosion of heterojunction cell production capacity, the output of heterojunction components will also increase substantially. There are obviously many differences between the production of heterojunction components and the production of PERC components in equipment, ideas, and processes. Heterojunction modules have differentiated requirements in terms of interconnection and lamination process, packaging film, and non-destructive slicing technology, which will bring huge market opportunities for equipment and auxiliary material suppliers in the module industry chain!
he Fifth Advanced Component Technology and Packaging Materials Forum hosted by ASIACHEM will be held on August 5 in Changzhou, Jiangsu. Experts from Jinko, Canadian Solar, Zhonglai, Huansheng Photovoltaic, Trina, GCL, Swick, JA Solar, Chint, Almaden, Risen Energy, Mavericks and PV Infolink will be important report.
The conference will discuss the global photovoltaic module market prospects and production capacity prospects, PERC+, TOPCon, heterojunction, perovskite, laminated module advanced packaging solutions, photovoltaic glass, backplane and packaging film technology trends and supply and demand analysis, multi-bus grid, Advanced module technologies such as non-destructive slicing, double-sided power generation, shingling, stitch welding, and macro interconnection, intelligent manufacturing and automation equipment for photovoltaic modules, real LCOE and investment return advantages of 500W+/600W+ module power stations, etc. More than 200 industry professionals from the upstream and downstream industrial chains of photovoltaic cells, modules, and power stations will gather together to discuss industry plans.