Tokyo Rose (alternative spelling Tokio Rose) was a fabricated name given by Allied troops in the South Pacific during World War II to all female English-speaking radio broadcasters of Japanese propaganda.[1] The programs were broadcast in the South Pacific and North America to demoralize Allied troops abroad and their families at home by emphasizing troops' wartime difficulties and military losses.[1][2] Several female broadcasters operated under different aliases and in different cities throughout the Empire, including Tokyo, Manila, and Shanghai.[3] The name "Tokyo Rose" was never used in any Japanese radio program,[2][4] but it first appeared in U.S. newspapers in the context of these broadcasts in 1943.[5]