| A123 Systems | Smart Grid Stabilisation System (SGSS). Uses same battery technology as for hybrid vehicles (stack of multiple battery cells regulated by intelligent management system) to act as power storage for electricity grid. Batteries utilise a proprietary nanoscale electrode, lithium iron phosphate technology. Applications include: frequency regulation; spinning reserve (on-demand power reserve to ensure peak capacity can be maintained); integration of variable power supply from renewable generation; and smart grid-based flexible control of power flows. Other applications supported by A123 battery technology include electric vehicles, power tools, and IT and telecoms infrastructure. |
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| Altairnano | ALTI-ESS Energy Storage System, designed to support smart grid-based flexible regulation of power flows, grid stabilisation, on-demand reserve of power, Uninterruptible Power Supply (UPS) applications, and renewables integration. Comprises battery modules built from individual cells using a proprietary, high-surface-area nano-lithium-titanate oxide-based anode material, and incorporating an intelligent battery management system and interconnect interfaces to other grid components. Other applications for Altairnano battery technology include commercial mass transit vehicles, hybrid electric vehicles (HEVs) and plug-in hybrid electric vehicles (PHEVs). |
| BYD | Lithium-ion phosphate-based battery banks used for off-grid storage of residential photovoltaic energy. Prototype developed in partnership with US home builder KB Home in 2010, and expected to be rolled out commercially subsequently. |
| Electrovaya | Range of battery solutions for the smart grid, focusing on renewables integration at generation sites and distributed storage at multiple sites where UPS is required. Batteries are based on Electrovaya’s patented ‘SuperPolymer’ nanostructured platform technology: a chemical technology designed to increase the energy density of lithium-ion batteries regardless of the chemicals used for the anode, cathode and electrolyte. Other applications for Electrovaya technology include PHEVs and Zero-Emission Vehicles (ZEVs); laptop batteries; and specialised applications including aerospace and defence. |
| Ener 1 / EnerDel | Is developing an energy storage system operating at three different levels: residential (single household); community (whole neighbourhood); and metropolitan (city). Will utilise stacks of individual cells regulated by intelligent battery management system to maintain balance of power supply and demand at peak and off-peak times, and ensure UPS. Cells are based on two different chemistries: anode lithium titanate oxide / cathode lithium manganese oxide; and anode hard carbon / cathode lithium manganese oxide. Applications other than storage include HEVs, PHEVs and battery electric vehicles (BEVs); and government (range of operations and infrastructure). |
| GreenSmith Energy Management | Lithium-ion phosphate battery-based Distributed Energy Storage System (DESS) for utilities and commercial buildings. Intelligent control capabilities, including integrated battery management system, designed to interact with smart metering and smart grid systems via platform-independent web services. |
| GS Yuasa | Large-scale ‘LIM’ lithium-ion battery modules for industrial applications, including battery management system. Other applications supported by GS Yuasa battery technology include EVs and HEVs, and aerospace and satellite. |
| Hitachi Group | Hitachi is developing industrial-scale lithium-ion batteries for power storage using an innovative manganese compound for the cathode and a more conductively efficient electrolyte, which assures longer life and cheaper production than comparable batteries using expensive cobalt compounds. Currently, the largest commercial power storage application based on this technology is for small-scale wind and photovoltaic generation. |
| International Battery | Battery packs and systems, coupled with an intelligent battery management system, supporting utility-scale and local energy storage, including for renewable energy integration and UPS applications. Batteries based on either iron phosphate or nickel cobalt manganese lithium-ion chemistries. Other applications supported by International Battery technology include: EVs / HEVs; auxiliary power units (APUs) for military and transport applications; and telecoms. |
| Mitsubishi Heavy Industries | Containerised Energy Storage System. Based on lithium-ion battery technology, this transportable storage system can scale from 2MW to 20MW output. Applications include: emergency or scheduled re-charging of passenger and commercial EVs; renewables integration; portable power supply for outdoor events, port facilities, etc.; and ancillary service support for electricity substations. MHI is testing a range of lithium-ion battery-based storage systems for commercial offices; and it has tested the use of lithium-ion batteries for energy storage in an eco-house design concept. The company also manufactures range of lithium-ion batteries (‘MLiX’) in both standard and customised designs for use in electrical appliances and electronic devices. |
| Saft Batteries | Range of customised lithium-ion battery-based power storage products and solutions using doped nickel oxide (NCA) for the cathode. Applications are mainly for small-scale integration of photovoltaic power and micro-grid management. Saft also supplies battery management systems, thermal management and mechanical integration technology, along with system architecture design and project management. |
| Samsung | Energy Storage System (ESS). Lithium-ion battery-based storage system for renewables integration and smart grid applications such as frequency regulation, peak demand shifting and load balancing. Enables energy storage at the level of the distribution network, the community and individual premises. Samsung also manufacturers small lithium-ion batteries for consumer appliances, as well as for electrical bicycles. |
| Sanyo | Smart Energy System (SES). 1.8kWh storage system comprising up to 312 cylindrical lithium-ion cells used for: renewables integration; on-grid storage at both substation and community level to adjust power frequency, and regulate supply and demand; off-grid storage at level of community, and commercial and residential premises to reduce dependency on grid, integrate renewable generation and provide emergency back-up supply. Sanyo also produces small lithium-ion batteries for consumer electronics products. |
| Seeo | Developing innovative lithium-ion batteries using a patented solid polymer electrolyte designed to offer more stability, safety and durability. Technology originally developed by the Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory in the USA. No commercial products had yet been released at September 2011 |