Bloom Energy SOFC's uses Scandium oxide
Please wisit the following www-sites to learn more:
https://www.bloomenergy.com/technology/
https://newsroom.bloomenergy.com/
We utilize rare earth metals in our fuel cell ink coating, notably scandium. We have a supplier diversification strategy in place to support business continuity considerations, which has resulted in the broadening of our supply base outside of China to suppliers in Japan and the Philippines. This also helps us to ensure better refining responsibility due to the presence of typically stronger regulatory frameworks outside of China.
chrome-extension://efaidnbmnnnibpcajpcglclefindmkaj/https://www.bloomenergy.com/wp-content/uploads/2020-bloom-energy-sustainability-report.pdf
Today the main commercial application is in solid-oxide fuel cells, which generate electricity from a chemical reaction that can be fuelled by natural gas and biogas. The largest single scandium consumer is Bloom Energy in the US, which along with other firms, is developing power supply solutions for sectors including data and distribution centres, commercial vehicles, hydrogen production and fuelling stations, light industry, healthcare and emergency response. Scandium also has critical but low-volume applications in photonics (lasers) and next generation communication networks. And research is under way into the use of scandium aluminium nitride in power electronics.
https://www.argusmedia.com/en/news/2177361-rio-tinto-builds-commercialscale-scandium-plant
According to experts, <strong>scandium provides the highest known rate of transport of oxygen, and this permits the SOFC to operate at temperatures around 700C</strong>, much lower than the roughly 1000C of conventional yttrium-doped SOFCs. This lower operating temperature makes the system much more mechanically robust, the end result being that Bloom&rsquo;s SOFC essentially never stops working &ndash; making them the ultimate in uninterruptible power supply<strong>. Bloom Energy is believed to use around 15kg of scandium oxide per 100kW fuel cell assembly.
https://stockhead.com.au/resources/scandium-the-super-alloy-of-the-future-thats-also-the-secret-sauce-in-solid-oxide-fuel-cells/