Great link below to various cases and their outcomes. Hopefully the tribunal gets it right on Lone Pine (PPR) vs Canada..
Interesting points include:
- The statement that (as of time of writing) the USA has never lost a NAFTA case.
- The country defending (Canada) has to defend the case brought by the US investor (Lone Pine and its US investors at the time). If Canada loses the case, the bill goes to the Province (Quebec).
- Part of the rationale for Quebec using its "police powers" to expropriate/cancel the Lone Pine exploration permit under the St. lawrence was to protect the river.
Yet Quebec still allows foreign oil to get to Montreal refineries access the St. Lawrence. Irony 101.
https://globalarbitrationreview.com/guide/the-guide-energy-arbitrations/4th-edition/article/nafta-energy-arbitrations#footnote-031
Link to CDN oil imports below. Note that 77% of imported oil is supplied from the USA likely via existing pipelines. Irony 101 again - Quebec blocked Energy East.
https://www.cer-rec.gc.ca/en/data-analysis/energy-markets/market-snapshots/2021/market-snapshot-crude-oil-imports-decreased-in-2020-and-so-did-the-cost.html